The art of pottery is one of the achievements during this period. Red pottery ware including cooking vessels, bowls, cups, and jars were made by hand. Another characteristic of the pottery during this time is the painted patterns and animal lines. One of the pottery masterpieces is the famous basin with a human face and fish patterns at Banpo Village in Xian, Shaanxi Province.

The pottery of Yangshao Culture belongs to the primitive hand-made stage, with rather advanced texture, design, decoration and baking skills. The so-called painted pottery is the most famous, with the early artefacts featuring red clay and black paint. Some of the late painted pottery artefacts were dressed with a layer of clay, that is, a layer of light yellow, white and red clay on the surface before they were painted with color. Some of them already had double-color designs, including decorative patterns of fish, deer, frogs, birds, flowers and leaves, and were used for cooking, containing water, serving food and storage.

Villages were of different sizes. Comparatively large villages appeared during the Yangshao Culture period. Some large ones were of strict layouts such as Jiangzhai Village. The village is divided into dwelling places and grave area by dikes. Five architecture groups were scattered around a center square each of which had many houses.

Humans during this period belonged to different clans. They worked collectively and allotted treasures evenly. Women played a leading role both in manufacturing and in daily life.