Alias: Orchis
Family name: Orchidaceae
Morphological Character
Orchid is a Perennial herbage flower. It has corpulent fleshy roots, with no root fair but symbiotic bacterium. It has faked bulb, generally called Lutou, covered with sheath, co-existing with other faked bulbs in a line. The leaf is linear or sword-shaped, leathery, and erect or saggy. The flower grows by itself or constitutes a raceme, with multiple bracts on the pedicel. The flower is bisexual and balmy. The corolla consists of three sepals, three petals and pistil column. The center sepal is called primary sepal, the other two are called accessory sepals. The expanding of accessory sepals is called PetalHu. The two thick fleshy petals at the top are erect, with the front-end crimp inward; it is also called PetalPeng(holding). The one at the bottom is a large labellum, called Lansun, turning brown when mature. The seed is small and farinose.
According to its shapes of the primary sepal, accessory sepals, PetalPengand labellum, Orchid and orchis are divided into several varieties, including petal plum, petal narcissus, petal lotus, petal butterfly, odd genus and pure mind, respectively. Petal plum has short and circular sepals, thick flesh, a little bending inward, narrow base, corpulent fleshy PetalPeng, inwardly crimped front-end like a bag, short and hard labellum, and flower faces upward at the beginning of blossom. Famous species of Petal plum include PlumSongand PlumXishen.
Petal narcissus has longer sepals than Petal plum, with a gradually sharp front-end, thick PetalPeng, bag-shaped front-end, and saggy and backward wrapped labellum. Famous species of Petal narcissus compriseWangziandCui Yipin.
Petal lotus has wide, thick and narrow-base sepals with wide front-end and peaky tuberculum. PetalPengis not like a bag, and labellum is moist and turns back a little. Famous species of Petal plum compriseDa FuguiandCui Gaihua.
The insides of the two downward sepals of Petal butterfly turn thick, and form undulant crapes, with red spots on it. Sometimes, the number of sepals or petals proliferates (For example, the number of corolla ofLvyunis about 8), or the shapes of flowers vary distinguishingly.
The floral perianths, stalks and bracts of the pure mind have the same color, pure green, olive green and so on, without mottled green, olive green or stripes. The rare species includeZhanghe SuandLaowentuan Su.
Orchid likes shade, wetness, ventilated environment and humus-rich fertile arenaceous soil, with good drainage and weak acidity. It should avoid direct sunshine and dryness.
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