It belongs to thePinaceaeFamily, with the Latin name ofAbies fanjingshanensis.
The evergreen arbor can attain the height up to 22 meters with a chest diameter of 65 centimeters. The winter bud takes the shape of an egg. The leaves under twigs are in the shape of combs. The ones above them close together and stretch upward and outward. There are 2 resin canals in the leaf. Its cylindrical cone takes an elliptic shape, which is upright and 5 to 6 centimeters long, with a diameter of about 4 centimeters. The ripe cone turns seal brown. The seed takes the shape of the thin ovoid but a little flat. The wedgy seed wing is brown or taupe.
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Fanjingshan Firis suitable for subtropical mountain climate, cool in summer and cold in winter, with constant monsoon and abundant precipitation. The pH value of the moist and fertile mountainous yellow brown earth there is 4.5 to 6.5. It can tolerate the lack of sunlight, preferring coldness and wetness. It is mostly found in its pure forests, but sometimes also in the mixed forests. It usually blossoms in May and June, and the cones ripen in October and November. The plant, with a proliferous spanning of 40 to 50 years, fructifies every 4 to 5 years.
It's only native to regions 2,100-2,300 meters above sea level on Fanjingshan Mountain, northeast of Guizhou Province. It's the only species of fir trees survives in Guizhou Province and is of scientific significance for the study of plantage and paleoclimate. Being distributed in a narrow area and having a small quantity, it needs to be protected.
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