Zidishuis a type of Quyi art that came into being in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). This form ofQuyiart got the name ofZidishubecause it was initiated by theBaqi Zidi(the Eight Banner of the Manchu nationality in the Qing Dynasty).
Zidishuwas derived fromWuge(songs sung during worship) andSuqu(popular songs of the time). It laid stress on lyrics while paid less attention to performance in the early days and the descant ofZidishuwas relatively simple. During the Jiaqing reign (1796-1821), the art was introduced into communities of ordinary people and professional artists became to emerge, most of whom were blind.
The descant ofZidishuhad two categories ofDongchengdiao(Descant in Eastern City) andXichengdiao(Descant in Western City) on the early stage due to different styles and arias. The descant ofDongchengdiaowas rough and serious and its contents were mainly history stories, while the descant ofXichengdiaowas slow and gentle and its contents were mainly love stories.
Around 1850, another two genres emerged --Nanchengdiao(Descant in Southern City) andBeichengdiao(Descant in Northern City), which both had fluent descant and cheerful time. By the early 20thCentury, the art ofZidishudeclined, but most features of its works were adopted byDagushu,which came into being later, and descant ofZidishualso had some influence onDagushu.
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