Jin Di
During the Spring & Autumn and the Warring States periods (722-221BC), all the kingdoms in lower reaches of the Yellow River built banks along the river to protect lives and properties. After theQinStateunited the ancientChinain 221BC, it started to revamp all the banks. During the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD), the banks were reinforced and began to be called Jin Di (Jin Bank).
Since the Song Dynasty (960-1279), theYellow Riverhas changed course for several times, forcing the people along the course to erect banks. And all the banks are called Jin Di.
Jingjiang Dadi
The part of theYangtze Riverthat runs through the Jingzhou Region inCentral China'sHubeiProvinceis called theJingjiangRiver, stretching about 340 kilometers. Along the river is the Jingjiang Dadi (Jingjiang Bank) of 182.35 kilometers long. The bank has always been crucial in flood control, for once the flood overflows the bank, 4.6 million people would be under threat.
Records show that the bank was first constructed during the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317-420). Later, each dynasty reinforced and extended the bank, especially the government of the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368). In 1788, the bank collapsed, flooding the Jiangling City.
Sanjiang Zha
Sanjiang Zha (Zha means water gate) is an ancient water gate at Sanjiang Kou in the north of currentShaoxingCityinEast China'sZhejiangProvince. The water gate, 108 meters long, was established in 1537 in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) to ward off tidewater and deposit fresh water in times of drought.
In 1979, about 2,500 meters away from Sanjiang Zha, a new water gate was built to replace the old. Later, the old gate became a cultural relic.
Shao Po
Shao Po, located in the currentShouCountyinEast China'sAnhuiProvince, was an important irrigation project in the HuaiheRiverreaches. The water resource of the project is from the Bi River. The project was said to be built from 598 to 591BC during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476BC).
Ever since then, it has played a role in irrigating the nearby area. According to the records, 66,000 hectares of field benefited from the project during the period of 400-1,300AD. But the project was greatly damaged time after time by human activities, especially wars. As a result, the importance of the project in irrigation was diminishing. In 1949, it could only irrigate about 80,000 mu (or more than 5,000 hectares) of farmland. Now it functions as a reservoir in the region.
Tashan Yan
Tashan Yan was an irrigation project on theJinRiverto the south of today'sNingboCityinEast China'sZhejiangProvince. The project was built in 833 to fend off tidewater and deposit water in times of drought. Afterwards, the project played an important role in irrigating the nearby field and providing drinking water for the people.
From the Song Dynasty (960-1279) to the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), the project was revamped for several times.
The irrigation function of the project gradually died out, since most part of it has been buried under sand. It was listed as an important national cultural relic in 1987.
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